{"id":12,"date":"2007-06-01T23:45:22","date_gmt":"2007-06-01T21:45:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nvda.venik.org\/2007\/06\/01\/o-hlasech-v-nvda\/"},"modified":"2013-09-05T14:43:22","modified_gmt":"2013-09-05T12:43:22","slug":"o-hlasech-v-nvda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nvda-project.cz\/?p=12","title":{"rendered":"O hlasech v NVDA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><texy>Nastaven\u00ed hlasu, kter\u00fdm k u\u017eivateli promlouv\u00e1 NVDA, nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele z\u0159ejm\u00e9. Nav\u00edc v terminologii panuj\u00ed jist\u00e9 nejasnosti. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dky proto maj\u00ed za c\u00edl vysv\u011btlit zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm si m\u016f\u017ee u\u017eivatel p\u0159izp\u016fsobit parametry \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9ho v\u00fdstupu. Nebude se \u0159e\u0161it CO program \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, tedy jak\u00e9 informace jsou prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm \u0159e\u010di prezentov\u00e1ny, ale JAK to \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 (charakter hlasu, v\u00fd\u0161ka, hlasitost, rychlost apod.)<\/p>\n<p><!--more-->\u00davodem definice pojm\u016f pou\u017eit\u00fdch v rozhran\u00ed NVDA, je\u017e budou postupn\u011b v dal\u0161\u00edm textu vysv\u011btleny:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Hlasov\u00fd v\u00fdstup<\/strong> &#8211; zde by bylo p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed <em>Protokol hlasov\u00e9ho v\u00fdstupu,<\/em> jen\u017ee by to v nab\u00eddce programu vypadalo stra\u0161n\u011b a stejn\u011b by to nic nevysv\u011btlovalo. Jde o standard, na n\u011bm\u017e je zalo\u017een konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed hlas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hlas  <\/strong>&#8211; spr\u00e1vn\u011bji <em>Hlasov\u00fd v\u00fdstup<\/em>, ale tento term\u00edn je ji\u017e pou\u017eit pro n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho. Faktem toti\u017e je, \u017ee v r\u00e1mci jedn\u00e9 technologie hlasov\u00e9ho v\u00fdstupu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt dostupn\u00fdch v\u00edce jednotliv\u00fdch hlas\u016f li\u0161\u00edc\u00edch se svou barvou a dikc\u00ed, a nav\u00edc m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho hlasov\u00e9ho v\u00fdstupu i podpora r\u016fzn\u00fdch standard\u016f, tedy SAPI4 a SAPI5.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SAPI<\/strong> &#8211; zkratka anglick\u00e9ho <em>Speech API,<\/em> co\u017e znamen\u00e1 programov\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed pro (um\u011blou) \u0159e\u010d. V sou\u010dasnosti se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed verze 4 a 5, ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed verze se nepou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed. SAPI4 p\u0159e\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 d\u00edky \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed nab\u00eddce jednotliv\u00fdch hlas\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>eSpeak<\/strong> &#8211; voln\u011b \u0161\u00ed\u0159iteln\u00fd hlas, jen\u017e podporuje standard SAPI5 a je tedy mo\u017en\u00e9 jej instalovat do syst\u00e9mu Windows. Je zabudov\u00e1n p\u0159\u00edmo do NVDA, aby m\u011bl u\u017eivatel k dispozici aspo\u0148 n\u011bjak\u00fd hlas i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je ode\u010d\u00edta\u010d spu\u0161t\u011bn na syst\u00e9mu, kde nejsou k dispozici \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 hlasy. M\u00e1te-li tedy eSpeak ve Windows nainstalovan\u00fd, objev\u00ed se v NVDA hned dvakr\u00e1t &#8211; jednou jako hlasov\u00fd v\u00fdstup, jen\u017e aktivuje rodinu hlas\u016f eSpeak p\u0159\u00edmo zabudovanou do NVDA, a jednak jako hlasy dostupn\u00e9 p\u0159i vybr\u00e1n\u00ed hlasov\u00e9ho v\u00fdstupu SAPI5, kdy jsou k dispozici jen eSpeak hlasy p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 v syst\u00e9mu Windows.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Silence<\/strong> &#8211; pseudo v\u00fdstup, jen\u017e zcela uml\u010d\u00ed NVDA. Ten se pak nebude po \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m hlasu sh\u00e1n\u011bt a bude se tv\u00e1\u0159it, jako by ve\u0161ker\u00e9 mluven\u00ed fungovalo norm\u00e1ln\u011b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A jak to tedy funguje? Nejd\u0159\u00edve se mus\u00edte rozhodnout, jak\u00fd standard hlasov\u00e9ho v\u00fdstupu si zvol\u00edte. Po instalaci je p\u0159edvolen eSpeak, jen\u017e je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed dod\u00e1vky programu a je tedy k dispozici v\u017edy. Probl\u00e9m m\u016f\u017ee nastat jen v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee eSpeak nepodporuje v\u00e1mi \u017e\u00e1dan\u00fd jazyk (neum\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad d\u00e1nsky nebo arabsky). \u010ce\u0161tina a sloven\u0161tina pat\u0159\u00ed mezi eSpeakem podporovan\u00e9 jazyky, take tohle n\u00e1s bolet nemus\u00ed. Ne ka\u017ed\u00fd ale mus\u00ed milovat &#8222;kv\u00e1k\u00e1n\u00ed&#8220;, j\u00edm\u017e se eSpeak projevuje. Pokud nav\u00edc spou\u0161t\u00edte NVDA na sv\u00e9m stroji, jist\u011b budete cht\u00edt zvolit poslouchateln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hlas, kter\u00fd m\u00e1te ve sv\u00e9m po\u010d\u00edta\u010di nainstalov\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>Jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed situace je u SAPI5. To je pln\u011b podporov\u00e1no a pokud se vyskytnou probl\u00e9my, nejde o v\u011bci z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, br\u00e1n\u00edc\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho hlasu. Trochu jin\u00e1 je bohu\u017eel situace u SAPI4. Pro tento standard jsou v NVDA zabudov\u00e1ny dva r\u016fzn\u00e9 ovlada\u010de a \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z nich se neprojevuje jako jednozna\u010dn\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9 maj\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed zku\u0161enosti s ovlada\u010dem sap4serotek, druh\u00fdm l\u00e9pe funguje sapi4activevoice. Chcete-li tedy pou\u017e\u00edvat hlasy standardu SAPI4, nezb\u00fdv\u00e1 ne\u017e oba ovlada\u010de vyzkou\u0161et s v\u00e1mi \u017e\u00e1dan\u00fdm hlasem a z\u016fstat u toho, kter\u00fd bude l\u00e9pe vyhovovat.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee standard, tedy <em>Hlasov\u00fd v\u00fdstup,<\/em> jak je nazv\u00e1n dialog v NVDA, u\u017e m\u00e1te vybran\u00fd a chcete vybrat konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed hlas. Vyvolejte tedy dialog <em>Nastaven\u00ed hlasu<\/em> a m\u016f\u017eete prozkoumat jeho mo\u017enosti. Obsah rozbalovac\u00edho seznamu <em>Hlas<\/em> zcela z\u00e1vis\u00ed na zvolen\u00e9m hlasov\u00e9m v\u00fdstupu. Pokud je hlasov\u00fdm v\u00fdstupem zabudovan\u00fd eSpeak, najdeme v seznamu <em>Hlas<\/em> v\u0161echny hlasy v\u0161ech jazyk\u016f, kter\u00e9 eSpeak podporuje. Je-li vybr\u00e1n n\u011bkter\u00fd z hlasov\u00fdch v\u00fdstup\u016f SAPI4, najdete v rozbalovac\u00edm seznamu <em>Hlas<\/em> v\u0161echny hlasy kompatibiln\u00ed se SAPI4. Podobn\u011b to plat\u00ed i pro hlasov\u00fd v\u00fdstup SAPI5. Znovu upozor\u0148uji, \u017ee hlasy eSpeaku nenajdete, m\u00e1te-li vybr\u00e1n hlasov\u00fd v\u00fdstup SAPI4 a pokud si vyberete hlasov\u00fd pseudov\u00fdstup Silence, tak v seznamu <em>Hlas<\/em> najdete jen polo\u017eku Silence.<\/p>\n<p>Po v\u00fdb\u011bru \u017e\u00e1dan\u00e9ho hlasu nastal \u010das nastavit jeho z\u00e1kladn\u00ed charakteristiky, tedy tempo, jak\u00fdm hlas mluv\u00ed, z\u00e1kladn\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ku hlasu a jeho hlasitost. V\u0161echny tyto hodnoty se nastavuj\u00ed posuvn\u00edky, jejich\u017e vnit\u0159n\u00ed rozsah je 0 a\u017e 100. Zku\u0161enost \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee stejn\u00e1 \u010d\u00edseln\u00e1 hodnota tempa a v\u00fd\u0161ky hlasu znamen\u00e1 pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 hlasy trochu n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho, tak\u017ee zat\u00edmco jeden hlas na tempo 60 mluv\u00ed dooost pooomaaaluuu, jin\u00e9mu u\u017e p\u0159i stejn\u00e9 hodnot\u011b tempa p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 b\u00fdt pro rychlost mluven\u00ed a nezvyk poslucha\u010de rozum\u011bt.<\/p>\n<p>Zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed za\u0161krt\u00e1vac\u00ed pol\u00ed\u010dka v okn\u011b <em>Nastaven\u00ed hlasu<\/em> se ji\u017e t\u00fdkaj\u00ed obsahu sd\u011blovan\u00fdch informac\u00ed a proto se jimi v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku nezab\u00fdv\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<p>Je\u0161t\u011b pozn\u00e1mka pro u\u017eivatele slovensk\u00e9 jazykov\u00e9 verze. Hlasov\u00fd v\u00fdstup je v n\u00ed ve verzi 0.5 nazv\u00e1n Syntetiz\u00e9r, tak aby v\u00e1s to nem\u00e1tlo.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nastaven\u00ed hlasu, kter\u00fdm k u\u017eivateli promlouv\u00e1 NVDA, nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele z\u0159ejm\u00e9. Nav\u00edc v terminologii panuj\u00ed jist\u00e9 nejasnosti. N\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dky proto maj\u00ed za c\u00edl vysv\u011btlit zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm si m\u016f\u017ee u\u017eivatel p\u0159izp\u016fsobit parametry \u0159e\u010dov\u00e9ho v\u00fdstupu. Nebude se \u0159e\u0161it CO program &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/nvda-project.cz\/?p=12\">Cel\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novinky"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nvda-project.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nvda-project.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nvda-project.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nvda-project.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nvda-project.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nvda-project.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":292,"href":"https:\/\/nvda-project.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12\/revisions\/292"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nvda-project.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nvda-project.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nvda-project.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}